Note for ASUKA Hydrographic Data Collection 1. Standard locations of ASUKA hydrographic stations --------------------------------------------------------- Station Latitude Longitude Depth name DD MM (N) DDD MM (E) (m) Note --------------------------------------------------------- AS01 32 45 133 06 190 AS01a 32 40 133 09 260 Sub-standard station AS02 32 35 133 12 730 AS02a 32 30 133 15 750 Sub-standard station AS03 32 25 133 18 950 AS04 32 15 133 23 1180 AS05 32 05 133 29 1760 AS05a 32 00 133 32 2200 Sub-standard station AS06 31 55 133 34 2950 AS06a 31 50 133 37 3600 Sub-standard station AS07 31 45 133 40 4450 AS08 31 30 133 48 4800 AS09 31 15 133 56 4600 AS10 31 00 134 04 4500 AS11 30 45 134 12 4600 AS12 30 30 134 20 4700 AS13 30 15 134 28 4600 AS14 30 00 134 36 4700 AS15 29 40 134 46 4900 AS16 29 20 134 56 5000 AS17 29 00 135 07 5000 AS18 28 40 135 17 5200 AS19 28 20 135 27 5000 AS20 28 00 135 37 5000 AS21 27 30 135 52 5300 AS22 27 00 136 06 5000 AS23 26 30 136 21 4800 AS24 26 00 136 35 5000 AS25 25 30 136 49 5000 AS26 25 00 137 03 5000 --------------------------------------------------------- * Approximate depth is shown. DD (DDD) is degree and MM is minute. 2. Station information 2.1 Station information file Station information file exists for each cruise and the file name was defined as EXPOCODE+".inf" (e.g. hk199409.inf), where EXPOCODE is expedition code. EXPOCODE was defined as ship code (see 2.2) plus year (YYYY) plus month (MM). The ship code and EXPOCODE were assined for the ASUKA Hydrographic Data Collection (AHDC). The original cruise number is shown in the first line of the station information file as ship type (see 2.2) plus "_" plus ship name (see 2.2) plus "_CRUISE_" plus cruise number (e.g. "R/V_HAKUHO-MARU_CRUISE_KH-94-3"). The second line of the file shows station information code (see 2.3) assigned to each column. 2.2 Ship code definitions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ship Ship Ship code name type* Affiliation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BO Bosei-maru T/V Tokai University, Japan HK Hakuho-maru R/V Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Japan IY Kaiyo-maru FR/V Fisheries Agency of Japan KE Keiten-maru T/V Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Japan KF Keifu-maru R/V Kobe Marine Observatory, Japan Meteorological Agency** NC Chofu-maru R/V Nagasaki Marine Observatory, Japan Meteorological Agency RF Ryofu-maru R/V Japan Meteorological Agency SE Seisui-maru T/V Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan SF Shirafuji-maru FR/V National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research Agency, Japan SH Shumpu-maru R/V Kobe Marine Observatory, Japan Meteorological Agency SU Shunyo-maru FR/V National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, Fisheries Research Agency, Japan SY Soyo-maru FR/V National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency, Japan TE Tenyo-maru T/V National Fisheries University, Japan TN Tansei-maru R/V Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Japan TY Toyoshio-maru T/V Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University, Japan XK Kaiyo R/V Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology YS Shoyo-maru FR/V Fisheries Agency of Japan YY Shoyo S/V Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department, Japan Coast Guard 8M Melville R/V Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * R/V: Research Vessel, T/V: Training Vessel, FR/V: Fisheries Research Vessel, S/V: Survey Vessel ** Japan Meteorological Agency until fiscal year 2000 2.3 Station information code definitions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Code Definition --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- EXPOCODE Cruise name assined for ASUKA Hydrographic Data Collection (AHDC) SECT Section name (ASUKA) ID AHDC identification number SN Section number (see 2.4) STNNBR Station number (see 2.5) CN Cast number (see 2.6) TYPE Observation code (see 2.7) INST Instrument code (see 2.8) DATE(UT) Date (MMDDYYYY: MM is month, DD is day, and YYYY is year) TIME Time in universal time coordinate (UTC) (HHMM: HH is hour, and MM is minute) EC Event code (see 2.9) LATITUDE Latitude (DD MM.MM N: DD is degree, MM.MM is minute in real value, and N denotes the north) LONGITUDE Longitude (DDD MM.MM E: DD is degree, MM.MM is minute in real value, and E denotes the east) NAV Navigation (see 2.10) DEPTH Uncorrected water depth (in m) MAXPR Maximum pressure (in dbar) FILE_NAME File name (see 2.11) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.4 Section number In some cruises, repeated hydrographic observations across the Kuroshio were carried out during the same cruise. Therefore, section number was assigned from "1". Exceptionally, section number "0" was assinged for a few hydrographic casts conducted before a section observation. 2.5 Station number Station number in the station information file was set as three characters string. When the hydrographic cast was carried out at the standard station (see 1 above), the first two characters were the standard station name and the last one character was zero "0". When the hydrographic cast was carried out at the midpoint between the two standard stations, the first two characters were the standard station name of the northern side and the last one character was "A". When the hydrographic cast was carrid out at the north (south) of the midpoint, the last one character was "1" ("B"). The order of the station number from the north was to be 010, 011, 01A, 01B, 020, 021, and so on. 2.6 Cast number When multiple hydrographic casts (e.g. deep and shallow CTD casts with water sampling, or simultaneous observations of CTD and XBT) were carried out at the same station of the same section, the cast number was changed for each observation. 2.7 Observation code definitions ----------------------------------------------------------------- Code Name ----------------------------------------------------------------- CTD Conductivity, temperature, depth profiler ROS CTD plus Rosette water sampler XCT Expendable conductivity, temperature, depth profiler (XCTD) XBT Expendable bathythermograph DBT Digital bathythermograph ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2.8 Instrument code definitions ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Observation Code Instrument name Manufacturer ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CTD SB9P SBE-9plus Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., Washington, USA SB25 SBE-25 Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., Washington, USA NBM3 Neil Brown Mark III Neil Brown Instrument Systems Inc., Massachusetts, USA NB3B Neil Brown Mark IIIB Neil Brown Instrument Systems Inc., Massachusetts, USA AEST AST5016-DK Alec Electronics Co. Ltd., Kobe, Japan FSIC ICTD Falmouth Scientific Inc., Massachusetts, USA XCTD TS10 TSK XCTD-1 (1000m) Tsurumi-Seiki Co. Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan TS1P TSK XCTD-1 Prototype Tsurumi-Seiki Co. Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan TS20 TSK XCTD-2 (2000m) Tsurumi-Seiki Co. Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan XBT TST7 TSK T-7 Tsurumi-Seiki Co. Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan TST6 TSK T-6 Tsurumi-Seiki Co. Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan TST5 TSK T-5 Tsurumi-Seiki Co. Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan SPT7 Sparton XBT-7 Sparton of Canada Ltd., Ontario, Canada DBT TSM2 TSK Micom BT2 Tsurumi-Seiki Co. Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.9 Event code definitions --------------------------- Code Definition --------------------------- BE Begin BO Bottom EN End --------------------------- 2.10 Navigation code definitions -------------------------------- Code Name -------------------------------- GPS Global Positioning System -------------------------------- 2.11 File name File name of the hydrographic data was defined as ID+SN+STNNBR+CN+"."+TYPE, excpet for TYPE "ROS" (see 2.2 for ID, SN, STNNBR, CN, and TYPE). When TYPE was "ROS", TYPE "CTD" was used instead of "ROS" (e.g. "02312601.CTD"). When the data was not yet collected or the data was not available for some reason, the column was filled with hyphens ("------------"). 3. Hydrographic data file 3.1 Data format The first line shows the station information listed in the station information file. The second line shows parameter code for each column. From the third line to the end of the file, pressure, temperature, salinity, and oxygen data are shown at 1-dbar intervals from the sea surface (0 dbar). Missing value was set to -9.0. 3.2 Parameter code definitions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parameter Definitions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P(DBAR) Pressure in dbar. T(T90) Temperature in degrees C [International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)]. T(DEGC) Temperature in degrees C for XCTD, XBT, DBT data, and CTD data whose temperature scale was unknown. S(S78) Salinity in practical salinity unit [Practical Salinity Scale of 1978 (PSS-78)]. O(UM/KG) Oxygen in micro-mol per kg. PTSO Quality flags for (P) pressure, (T) temperature, (S) salinity, and (O) oxygen (see 3.3). --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3.3 Quality flag definitions -------------------------------------------- Flag value Definitions -------------------------------------------- 1 Not calibrated or unknown. 2 Acceptable measurement. 3 Questionable measurement. 4 Bad measurement. 5 Bias corrected. 6 Interpolated over > 2 dbar interval. 7 Filled with the shallowest value or salinity estimated. 8 Low-pass filterd. 9 Not sampled. -------------------------------------------- * See Uchida et al. (2008) for more detail. 4. Reference Uchida, H., S. Imawaki, H. Ichikawa, and the ASUKA Group (2008): ASUKA Hydrographic Data Collection, Reports of Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, 135, 21-31. -- 31 October, 2008 Hiroshi Uchida Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology e-mail: huchida@jamstec.go.jp